Friends, the Data communications & Networking is one of the crucial areas of Professional Knowledge section of upcoming IBPS IT Officers Online Exam. The Data Communication refers to the transmission of this digital data between two or more computers and the networking refers to the connection between the computers which allows computers to exchange data. As the banks are getting computerized now a days and these are transaction oriented, you surely will get a good amount of questions from this area. Here is the complete study material on Data Communication. You can download more study materials, Data Communication Questions of IBPS Specialist Officers here.
Every Single mark in the competitive examination is very important for the students to the grab the opportunity. Knowing this value we are framing out all the possible information for the candidates about the examination. We are sure our materials help the candidates a lot in scoring high in the exam. Download Data Communication Study Material for Professional knowledge Section of IBPS IT Officer here and prepare for exam. You can also Download Data Communication questions for ibps specialist officer exam from the official site of IBPS. This Study Material consists of basic concepts and also various advance concepts related to Data Communication.
Data Communication
Data communication means the exchange of data between a source and a destination. The device that transmits the data is known as source or sender and the device that receives the transmitted data is known as destination or receiver. If the devices are in same building or in a particular restricted geographical area, then the data communication is said to be local.
Datum means the facts information statistics or like derived by calculation or experimentation. The facts and information that are gathered are processed in accordance with the defined systems of procedure. The data can be in any form like numbers, text, bits and bytes. The simple data communication system can be shown as:
Data Communication study material
By using the data transmission circuits, the data communication system will collect data from remote locations and then sends the processed results to the remote locations. The different data communication techniques that are presently in widespread use evolved gradually either to replace the same with better features and options or to improve the data communication techniques that are already existing. During the selection of communication systems, there are data communication jargons like modems, routers, LAN, WAN, TCP/IP etc. Hence to review and understand these terms and gradual development of data communication methods became necessary. The following figure provides a broader view of data communication networks.
Data Communication study material
Components of data communication system:
Message: A message is a data or information that is to be communicated which may be text, pictures, numbers, video or sounds or any combination of these.
Sender: The device that generates and sends the message is the sender.
Receiver: The device that receives the message from the sender is receiver. The location of both these sender and receivers will be different and the distance between these two will be depended on the types of network used in between them.
Medium: A medium is a physical path or channel between the sender and receiver through which the message is transferred. It may be wired like coaxial cable, fiber-optic cable, twisted pair wire or wireless like radio waves, laser and microwaves.
Protocol: A protocol is nothing but a set of rules that govern the communication between the sender and receiver. Both the devices will follow the same protocols for communicating with each other.
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Functions of a Protocol:
Data Sequencing: Data sequencing is referred as the breaking of a long message into smaller packets of same fixed size. These rules defines the method of numbering the packets which is used to detect loss or duplication of packets and to identify the packets that are belonged to the same message correctly.
Data Routing: Data routing means nothing but the most efficient path between the sender and receiver.
Data Formatting: These rules defines which group of bits or characters within the packet constitute the data, addressing, control, or other information.
Flow Control: A communication protocol will prevent the fast sender from overwhelming a slow receiver and ensures the resource sharing and protection against the traffic congestion by regulating the flow of data on communication lines.
Error Control: These rules are designed for the detection of errors and ensures to transmit the correct message. The most common method is to retransmit the erroneous message from sender by discarding the block having error by the receiver.
Precedence and Order of Transmission: Based on priorities assigned to them, these rules will ensure that all nodes get a chance to use the communication lines and other resources of the network.
Connection Establishment and Termination: When two nodes want to communicate with each other, these rules will define that how connections are established, maintained and terminated.
Data Security: In most of the communication software packages, providing the data security and privacy is also built which prevents the access of data by unauthorized users.
Log Information: Several communication software are designed to develop the log information, which consists of jobs and data communication tasks that have taken place, which is used for charging the users of the network, based on their usage of network resources.